The Weather Today in Kolkata: A Comprehensive Overview

• Table of Contents

  • The Weather Today in Kolkata: A Comprehensive Overview
  • The Seasons of Kolkata
  • Summer (March to May)
  • Monsoon (June to September)
  • Autumn (October to November)
  • Winter (December to February)
  • Extreme Weather Events
  • Cyclones
  • Floods
  • Heatwaves
  • The Impact of Climate Change
  • Rising Temperatures
  • Changing Rainfall Patterns
  • Sea-Level Rise
  • Conclusion
  • Q&A
  • 1. What is the average temperature in Kolkata during summer?
  • 2. Which season is considered the most pleasant in Kolkata?
  • 3. How does climate change affect Kolkata?
  • 4. What are the major challenges posed by extreme weather events in Kolkata?

When it comes to the weather, Kolkata, the capital city of West Bengal in India, experiences a diverse range of climatic conditions throughout the year. From scorching summers to mild winters, the city’s weather patterns have a significant impact on the daily lives of its residents. In this article, we will delve into the various aspects of the weather in Kolkata, including its seasonal variations, extreme weather events, and the influence of climate change. Let’s explore the fascinating world of Kolkata’s weather together.

The Seasons of Kolkata

Kolkata, like most regions in India, experiences four distinct seasons: summer, monsoon, autumn, and winter. Each season brings its own set of weather conditions, making the city’s climate dynamic and ever-changing.

Summer (March to May)

Summer in Kolkata is characterized by scorching heat and high humidity levels. The temperature during this season often soars above 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit), making it quite uncomfortable for outdoor activities. The hot and dry winds, known as “loo,” further intensify the heat. It is advisable to stay hydrated and seek shade during the peak summer months.

Monsoon (June to September)

The monsoon season in Kolkata brings relief from the sweltering heat of summer. The city receives a significant amount of rainfall during this period, with July being the wettest month. The monsoon showers rejuvenate the city, bringing respite from the scorching temperatures. However, heavy rainfall can sometimes lead to waterlogging and traffic congestion in low-lying areas of the city.

Autumn (October to November)

Autumn in Kolkata is a transitional season characterized by pleasant weather and moderate temperatures. The humidity levels decrease, and the city experiences clear skies and gentle breezes. This season is often considered the most enjoyable time to visit Kolkata, as the weather is neither too hot nor too cold.

Winter (December to February)

Winter in Kolkata is relatively mild compared to other parts of India. The temperature ranges between 12 to 25 degrees Celsius (54 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit). While the days are pleasant, the nights can get chilly, especially in January. It is advisable to carry a light jacket or sweater during this season.

Extreme Weather Events

While Kolkata generally experiences a moderate climate, it is not immune to extreme weather events. The city has witnessed several cyclones, floods, and heatwaves over the years. These events have had a significant impact on the lives of the residents and the city’s infrastructure.

Cyclones

Kolkata, located on the Bay of Bengal, is prone to cyclones during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. Cyclones like Aila in 2009 and Amphan in 2020 have caused widespread destruction, resulting in loss of lives and damage to property. The city’s proximity to the coast makes it vulnerable to the strong winds and heavy rainfall associated with cyclonic storms.

Floods

Heavy rainfall during the monsoon season often leads to flooding in low-lying areas of Kolkata. The inadequate drainage system exacerbates the problem, causing waterlogging and disruption of daily life. Efforts are being made to improve the city’s drainage infrastructure to mitigate the impact of floods.

Heatwaves

Heatwaves are becoming more frequent and intense in Kolkata due to climate change. Rising temperatures coupled with high humidity levels pose a threat to public health, particularly for vulnerable populations such as the elderly and children. It is crucial to take necessary precautions during heatwaves, such as staying hydrated and avoiding prolonged exposure to the sun.

The Impact of Climate Change

Climate change is a global phenomenon that affects every corner of the world, including Kolkata. The city is experiencing the consequences of rising temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and sea-level rise.

Rising Temperatures

Kolkata has witnessed a gradual increase in temperatures over the years. The average temperature has risen by approximately 0.5 degrees Celsius (0.9 degrees Fahrenheit) per decade. This rise in temperature has a direct impact on the city’s residents, leading to increased heatwaves and discomfort during the summer months.

Changing Rainfall Patterns

Climate change has also altered the rainfall patterns in Kolkata. While the total annual rainfall remains relatively constant, there has been a shift in the distribution of rainfall throughout the year. The monsoon season has become more erratic, with intense rainfall events occurring over shorter durations. This pattern poses challenges for water management and agriculture in the region.

Sea-Level Rise

Kolkata is situated on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River, which eventually merges with the Bay of Bengal. As sea levels rise due to climate change, the city faces the risk of coastal flooding and erosion. The Sundarbans, a UNESCO World Heritage Site located near Kolkata, is also under threat from rising sea levels, putting its unique ecosystem at risk.

Conclusion

Kolkata’s weather is a fascinating blend of diverse climatic conditions, ranging from scorching summers to mild winters. The city experiences four distinct seasons, each with its own unique characteristics. However, extreme weather events such as cyclones, floods, and heatwaves pose significant challenges to the city and its residents.

Furthermore, the impact of climate change is becoming increasingly evident in Kolkata. Rising temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and sea-level rise are all consequences of global warming. It is crucial for the city to adapt and mitigate these effects through sustainable practices and robust infrastructure development.

As we navigate the complexities of climate change, understanding the weather patterns and their implications in cities like Kolkata is essential. By staying informed and taking necessary precautions, we can strive towards a more resilient and sustainable future.

Q&A

1. What is the average temperature in Kolkata during summer?

The average temperature in Kolkata during summer ranges from 30 to 40 degrees Celsius (86 to 104 degrees Fahrenheit).

2. Which season is considered the most pleasant in Kolkata?

Autumn, which lasts from October to November, is considered the most pleasant season in Kolkata due to its moderate temperatures and clear skies.

3. How does climate change affect Kolkata?

Climate change affects Kolkata through rising temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and sea-level rise. These factors contribute to more frequent heatwaves, erratic monsoons, and the risk of coastal flooding.

4. What are the major challenges posed by extreme weather events in Kolkata?

Extreme weather events such as cyclones, floods, and heatwaves pose challenges such as loss of lives, damage to property, waterlogging, and disruption of